Description flag of Belgium
three equal vertical bands of black (hoist side), yellow and red
Flag notes
the design was based on the flag of France
Local names
Royaume de Belgique/Koninkrijk Belgie (long)
Belgique/Belgie (short)
Nationality
Belgian(s) (noun) Belgique/Belgie (adjective)
Languages spoken
Dutch (official) 60%, French (official) 40%, German (official) less than 1%, legally bilingual (Dutch and French)
Government type
federal parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy
Population
10,403,951 ranked 78, (data 2008)
Geography
crossroads of Western Europe; most West European capitals within 1,000 km of Brussels, the seat of both the European Union and NATO. The lowest point is North Sea 0 m.
Land borders
1,385km, France 620 km, Germany 167 km, Luxembourg 148 km, Netherlands 450 km.
Administrative divisions
10 provinces (French: provinces, singular - province; Dutch: provincies, singular - provincie) and 3 regions* (French: regions; Dutch: gewesten); Brussels* (Bruxelles) capital region; Flanders* region (five provinces): Antwerpen (Antwerp), Limburg, Oost-Vlaanderen (East Flanders), Vlaams-Brabant (Flemish Brabant), West-Vlaanderen (West Flanders); Wallonia* region (five provinces): Brabant Wallon (Walloon Brabant), Hainaut, Liege, Luxembourg, Namur
as a result of the 1993 constitutional revision that furthered devolution into a federal state, there are now three levels of government (federal, regional, and linguistic community) with a complex division of responsibilities
Independence
4 October 1830 (a provisional government declared independence from the Netherlands); 21 July 1831 (King LEOPOLD I ascended to the throne)